对于征询全球环境基金“通过国际合作促进中国清洁绿色低碳城市发展”项目
咨询服务机构的函(笔厂颁-4)
一、项目基本信息
项目名称:通过国际合作促进中国清洁绿色低碳城市发展(简称笔厂颁)
咨询服务名称:“不同类型城市低碳发展模式与路径分析”(笔厂颁-4)
二、咨询服务范围
本研究课题旨在根据地理位置、人口规模、经济发展速度、主要产业类型、生态环境等指标,将中国城市进行分类,分析不同城市发展绿色低碳所具备的优势、劣势、发展需求及发展潜力,探求不同类型城市最适宜的低碳发展模式及路径,为国家发展改革委制定出台对于深化低碳省市试点工作的指导意见等文件提出切实的政策建议,更好的指导城市层面的低碳建设工作。为完成子项目咨询服务的目标,咨询机构需要完成以下研究任务。
1.国内低碳试点城市分类和潜力评估报告;
2.不同类型城市的低碳发展模式和路径研究指南;
3.对于推进中国各类型低碳城市试点发展的政策建议;
本咨询服务预计为4个月,预计开始时间为2017年3月。
叁、咨询机构资格
承担本咨询服务的机构应该具备如下条件,详细工作安排及要求请参考工作大纲。
1.具有独立法人资格;
2.熟悉国内外应对气候变化和低碳城市建设的政策、制度与经验;
3.具有向政府提供清洁绿色低碳城市政策咨询的经验;
4.在气候变化研究和国际合作方面有足够的经验;
5.与其他有能力的低碳发展研究机构有良好的合作关系,具有良好的协调能力。
四、报名方式
项目承担单位的选择将根据世行规定,按照“基于咨询顾问资历的选择”(简称颁蚕厂)的方式进行。有兴趣的机构请于本公告发布后14日内向项目办提交申报材料。具体包括:
1.项目申报意向函;
2.单位介绍及业绩清单;
3.包括营业执照副本在内的资质证明复印件;
4.单位在过去3年中参与过的国际组织、外国政府和中国政府类似规模和性质的项目介绍及证明材料;
5.单位(略)
请将以上材料中文合订成册并在封面和申报意向函加盖单位公章,将一份纸质版邮寄至项目办(联系方式如下),电子文件(奥辞谤诲版本)发(略)
五、联系方式
地址:北京(略)
(略)
联系(略)
(略)
电子(略)
(略)
(略)
2017年2月13日
工作大纲:不同类型城市低碳发展模式
与路径分析
一、项目背景
《巴黎气候协定》于2016年11月4日正式生效,首次肯定了“地方政府和公司”作为全球气候治理行为主体的重要作用,各国自主承诺的贡献目标需要落实到城市层面。在过去的35年里,城市化一直是驱动中国经济发展的主要力量。中国的城市化率由1978年的19.4%增长到2015年的56.1%,城市数量由193个增加到652个。由于碳排放的“锁定效应”,城市低碳发展的模式和路径直接影响了城市低碳发展的成效,也决定了城市未来的发展空间。
中国于2010年和2012年先后开展了两批低碳省区和低碳城市的试点工作,由于人员、技术、资金、数据等基础能力不同,对创建试点工作的推动力度也不同,试点进展参差不齐。各地在推进低碳发展的过程中,开拓创新,争做典范,形成了一批具有特色的低碳发展模式,同时也存在一些制约低碳发展的问题和短板。2017年启动了第叁批低碳城市试点工作,大多城市为中小城市,低碳发展基础薄弱,能力建设尚未起步。
(略)化的合作环境,吸引不同主体共同参与,全面提升全国低碳发展水平。及时总结梳理各种低碳城市类型,清晰认识城市现状,根据不同类型城市的特点和具体需求归纳出具有典型意义的低碳城市发展模式,利用城市指标体系,评估与预测城市低碳发展的现状与未来,确立合理的发展模式,采取有效的实施路径有效避免未来的锁定效应,实现城市的可持续发展,具有重要意义。
二、研究目的
本项目将根据地理位置、人口规模、经济发展速度、主要产业类型、生态环境等指标,将中国城市进行分类,分析不同城市发展绿色低碳所具备的优势、劣势、发展需求及发展潜力,探求不同类型城市最适宜的低碳发展模式及路径,为国家发展改革委制定出台对于深化低碳省市试点工作的指导意见等文件提出切实的政策建议,更好的指导城市层面的低碳建设工作。
叁、工作内容
分析中国城市在规模和水平上的差异,确立低碳试点城市的分类方法并对城市进行归类,在全面研究不同类别城市低碳发展模式与路径基础上,提炼出中国城市低碳发展建设过程中的
重要规律
,并突出不同类型城市低碳发展的差异性,以便精准施策。项目承担机构与利益相关方召开项目启动会、中期咨询研讨会以及最终
成果发布会等。
内容一:中国低碳试点城市分类方法研究
子内容1.1:划分类型
主要选择中国前两批低碳试点城市作为研究对象,通过文献调研、访谈、实地考察、查阅数据库及地方统计局网站的方法,在地方发改委的支持下获取城市的经济发展状况、产业类型、人口规模、城镇化率、能源结构、生态环境等相关数据,按照城市地理位置、规模、发展速度、经济结构等关键指标,将试点城市划分出不同的类型,将城市按照划分的类型归类排序,选取代表性城市。以低碳试点城市为分析重点,可利用现有数据扩大分析研究的城市数量。同时基于已有的相关研究,夯实和强化研究成果的可应用性,为国家发展改革委提供政策建议。
子内容1.2:城市低碳发展潜力评估
从宏观层面对国家发展规划的政策进行梳理和回顾,即“十叁五规划”以及其他部门和区域发展战略和规划,例如,“四大板块”(由西部地区、东北地区等老工业基地、中部地区、东部地区组成)和“叁大战略”(“一带一路”、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带建设)的发展规划。将梳理和回顾工作内容与挖掘城(略)
内容二:不同类型城市的低碳发展模式分析
根据划分的不同城市类型,结合城市自身的功能定位以及对国际上成功案例的评估,对比分析出中国城市现行不同低碳发展模式,包括以循环经济为导向、以绿色交通为导向、以能源效率为导向、以低碳综合规划为导向,以低碳产业聚合为导向、其他导向发展等模式,分析这些模式成功的条件与经验,确定每个模式中涉及到的核心指标,与项目1的内容相互补充,并明确每种发展模式核心指标的评价标准。形成低碳发展模式分析报告及配套指标体系,为出台及落实深化低碳省市试点工作指导意见提供基础支撑。
内容叁:城市低碳发展的路径分析
选取不同城(略)
四、雇主的责任
咨询服务的雇主是项目办,咨询机构应在项目办主任的指导下工作。 项目办应做出合理努力,向咨询机构提供日常协助和支持,提供可以获得的与项目相关的数据、信息和报告,同时根据研究工作需要,协助咨询机构与国家发展改革委等相关部门和其他机构联系。
五、研究成果
1. 项目将提交1份研究报告(中英文)和1份执行报告(中英文)。研究报告包括以下核心内容:
(1)国内低碳试点城市分类和潜力评估报告;
(2)不同类型城市的低碳发展模式和路径研究指南;
(3)对于推进中国各类型低碳城市试点发展的建议。
2. 组织举办成果发布会,研究机构和试点城市代表50人参加。
六、时间安排
项目实施时间为2017年3月-2017年6月,预期4个月。
项目产出
| 时间节点
| 占合同百分比
|
项目启动会(详细工作计划与研究方法) | 合同签署后的一个月之内 | 10% |
专题报告一:国内低碳试点城市分类报告及低碳发展潜力评估 | 合同签署后的第二个月之内 | 10% |
专题报告二:不同类型城市的低碳发展模式和路径研究报告,并召开研讨会 | 合同签署后的第叁个月之内 | 20% |
专题报告叁:对于推进中国各类型低碳城市试点发展的建议 | 合同签署后的第四个月之内 | 30% |
综合报告,并提交执行报告和最终版本(中英文) | 合同签署后的第四个月之内 | 20% |
成果分享会 | 提交最终报告至项目办的一个月之内 | 10% |
七、资质要求
(一)咨询机构资质要求
具有独立法人资格;
熟悉国内外应对气候变化和低碳城市建设的政策、制度与经验;
具有向政府提供清洁绿色低碳城市政策咨询的经验;
在气候变化研究和国际合作方面有足够的经验;
与其他有能力的低碳发展研究机构有良好的合作关系,具有良好的协调能力。
(二)团队负责人
在气候变化、环境和经济领域有至少10年工作经验;
具有为政府制定清洁绿色低碳发展政策提供建议和技术支撑的经验,并能提供证明材料;
在相关领域有领导团队和项目管理的具体经验;
熟悉低碳城市建设的特点,可以与当地利益相关者联系与合作;
具有博士学位或者高级职称。
(叁)高级专家(2位)
在气候变化、环境或经济领域有至少10年工作经验;
具有为政府制定气候变化政策的经验,并能提供证明材料;
熟悉低碳城市建设的特点,可以与当地利益相关者联系与合作;
具有博士学位或者高级职称。
(四)技术专家(2-3位)
在气候变化、环境或能源领域有至少5年工作经验;
具备低碳发展领域专业知识,并提供证明材料;
熟悉低碳城市建设特点,有为政府制定低碳发展政策提供建议的经验;
具有硕士学位或者中级职称。
Analysis of Low-carbon Development Patterns and Paths for Cities of Different Types
Terms of Reference (TOR)
I. Project BackgroundThe Paris Agreement
, which entered into force on 4 November 2016, has affirmed, for the first time, the importance of "local governments and businesses" as actors of global climate governance, and recognized that the Intended National Determined Contribution requires to be delivered at the city level. In the past 35 years, urbanization has always been one of most important driving forces in China's economic growth. The urbanization in China increased from 19.4% in 1978 to 56.1% in 2015 with the number of cities being jumped from 193 to 652. Due to the "lock-in effect" of carbon emissions, the pattern and path of urban low-carbon development will have a direct impact on the effectiveness of low-carbon development in a city, and will also determine the future development potential of the city.
China launched two batches of low-carbon pilot programme at the levels of province, autonomous region and city in 2010 and 2012 respectively. The pilots in different localities have made a mixed progress due to their different capacities in personnel, technology, fund and data as well as different levels of efforts in a pilot. In the process of low-carbon development, the piloting localities spared no efforts in innovation and strove to set a role model. Accordingly a number of unique low-carbon development patterns have taken shape. In the meantime, they also faced some barriers and challenges in their low-carbon development. In 2017, China launched the third batch of low-carbon pilot programme, and most of the participants were small and medium cities with poor infrastructure and little capacity-building in low-carbon development.
Every city needs a science-based low-carbon city plan which is mainstreamed into socio-economic development planning process. Accurate actions are required for low-carbon pilots with different typologies. Different actors should be engaged through government leadership, integrated policies, market instruments and diverse cooperative environment with an aim to boost the overall level of low-carbon development in China. It is of significance to timely develop a typology for low-carbon cities in order to clearly understand the status of the cities, identify prototypical patterns of low-carbon city development according to the characteristics and specific needs of cities with different types, assess the current status and project the future of the urban low-carbon development by using the city index system, establish appropriate development patterns, take effective implementation path to avoid the future lock-in effect, and achieve sustainable urban development.
II. Project Objectives
This project is designed to classify Chinese cities into different types according to their geographical location, population size, economic growth, pillar industries, ecological environment, etc., and analyze the strength, weakness, needs and potentials of these cities in the green and low-carbon development. It is also expected to identify the low-carbon development patterns and paths most appropriate for cities of different types, in order to provide concrete policy recommendations for the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) in developing the guidelines and other documents on deepening the low-carbon pilot at the levels of province and city, and better inform the low-carbon practice at the city level.
III. Project Scope
The project is to analyze the differences of Chinese cities in scale and level, develop typologies for low-carbon pilot cities and rank the cities, and summarize, based on a comprehensive study of the low-carbon development patterns or models and paths for the cities of different types, the core principles governing the practice of urban low-carbon development in China, which will highlight the differences in the low-carbon development of the cities of different types, for the purpose of more relevant and accurate measures. As part of the process to carry out this work we expect the firm to carry out a kick-off meeting with relevant stakeholders, mid-term consultation and final dissemination meetings.
Activity 1: Developing typologies for the low-carbon pilot cities in China
Sub-activity 1.1: typologies development
(略)
Sub-activity 1.2: Assessing the potential of urban low-carbon development
The consultant will conduct a high-level policy mapping and review of the macro level national development plan, i.e. the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, and other sectoral and regional development strategies and plans, e.g. the ‘four major regions’ (western region, old industrial bases including northeastern region, central region and eastern region) and ‘3 major strategies’ (the Belt and Road Initiative, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integrated Development, and Yangtze River Economic Belt). The mapping/review will relate to the cities’ development potential and summarize findings to provide recommendations to cities on development directions on specific regions and relevant sectors. One or two cities of each type (e.g., resource-based cities in central and western China, western underdeveloped cities, and eastern cities first reaching the peak of CO
2
emissions) will be selected for in-depth case studies. With the findings of the macro-level policy review, the project will apply cluster analysis, principal component analysis, data envelopment analysis and other methods to assess the strength and weakness of low carbon development in the case study cities considering their economic growth, industrial structure, resource endowment, comprehensive competitiveness, and development goals and policies, identify future development needs, summarize the challenges facing different types of cities and measures for sustainable development. The output of the activity is expected to be a proposed practical guideline for the third batch of low carbon city pilots (and other Chinese cities in a broader extend) on city typology and development potential assessment.
Activity 2: Analyzing the low-carbon development patterns for cities of different types
The project is to make a comparative analysis of existing urban low-carbon development patterns (including but not limited to patterns based on circular economy, green transportation, energy efficiency, low carbon integrated planning, or low-carbon industrial agglomeration), combined with review of successful international case studies, according to identified urban typologies and predefined urban functions, analyze the conditions and experience for the success of these patterns, identify the assessment criteria for the relevance and appropriateness of core indicators of each pattern, which complements the components of PSC-1 assignment. An analysis report on low-carbon development patterns supported with an indicator system will be produced, which will provide a fundamental support to the upcoming guidelines on deepening the low-carbon pilot at the levels of the province and city.
Activity 3: Analyzing the urban low-carbon development paths for cities
(略)
IV. Employer’s Responsibility
The Employer of the Consultant Services shall be the PMO and the Consultant shall work under the guidance of the Director of the PMO. The PMO shall make reasonable efforts to provide daily assistance and support to the Consultant, shall furnish any available project related data, information and reports if they are available to them within the Department of Climate Change, and assist the Consultant to connect with related divisions within the NDRC and organizations needed to execute the assignment.
V. Project Deliverables
1. The project will deliver a study report (in English and Chinese) and a project implementation report (in English and Chinese). The study report should cover the following core elements:
1) A report on typologies of low-carbon pilot cities in China and potential assessment;
2) A research report and proposed guidelines on low-carbon development patterns and paths for prototypical cities;
3) Policy note: recommendations on promoting the low-carbon city pilot development in China and low-carbon city development pathways of each typology.
2. Final report dissemination workshop will host 50 representatives from the pilot cities and related research institutions.
VI. Timeline
The project implementation period is expected to last 4 months from March to June 2017.
Deliverables
| Timeline
| Percentage of contract
|
Kick-off meeting (detailed work plan and study methodology) | Within the 1st month upon the sign of contract | 10% |
Special Report 1: Report on the typology for low-carbon pilot cities in China and assessment on urban low-carbon development potential | Within the 2nd month upon the sign of contract | 10% |
Special Report 2: Research report and proposed guidelines on low-carbon development patterns and paths for cities of different types and a workshop | Within the 3rd month upon the sign of contract | 20% |
Special Report 3: Policy note: recommendations on promoting the low-carbon city pilot in China and low-carbon city development pathways of each typology | Within the 4 th month upon the sign of contract | 30 % |
Synthesis report and submitting Project Implementation Report and final report (in Chinese and English) | Within the 4 th month upon the sign of contract | 20% |
Dissemination Workshop | Within a month since the final report is submitted to the Project Management Office | 10% |
VII. Qualification
1) Qualification of consulting institute
? Independent legal person;
? Familiar with policies, regulation and experience of climate change and
low-carbon city development in China and abroad;
? Demonstrated experience in providing advisory services to governments
on clean, green and low-carbon urban policies;
? Experienced in climate change research and international cooperation;
? Enjoying friendly cooperative relationship with other capable research
institutions on low-carbon development, and good coordination ability.
2) Project Team Leader
? A minimum of 10 years’experience in climate change, environment and economics field;
? Demonstrated experience in providing governments with advisory and technical support on policies of clean, green, and low-carbon development;
? Having practical experience in leading team and project management in related field;
? Familiar with characteristics of low-carbon city development and able to communicate and cooperate with local stakeholders;
? Doctoral degree or senior professional title.
3) Senior experts (2 positions)
? A minimum of 10 years’ experience in climate change, environment or economics field;
? Demonstrated experience in advising government on climate change policy;
? Familiar with characteristics of low-carbon city development, and able to communicate and cooperate with local stakeholders;
? Doctoral degree or senior professional title.
4) Technical experts (2-3 positions)
? A minimum of 5 years’ experience in climate change, environment or energy field;
? Demonstrated knowledge in low-carbon development and proof of certificate is required;
? Familiar with the characteristics of low-carbon city development, and experienced in advising government on low-carbon development policy;
? Master’s degree or intermediate professional title.